Algorithms

Graphs and trees are non-linear data structures. To process or explore them, traversal algorithms are used. The two most important traversal techniques are: Breadth-First Search (BFS) Depth-First Search (DFS) Both algorithms visit all nodes in a graph or tree, but their strategies and use-cases differ significantly. 1. Breadth-First Search (BFS) Concept Breadth-First Search explores a graph level by level. It visits all neighbors of a node before moving deeper into the graph. ...

Searching is the process of determining whether a given element exists in an array and, if required, returning its index. The choice of searching technique depends entirely on whether the array is sorted or unsorted. Selecting the correct approach directly impacts performance and scalability. 1. Searching in an Unsorted Array Characteristics Elements are not arranged in any specific order No assumptions can be made about element positions Linear search is the primary technique used Linear Search Concept Each element of the array is checked one by one until the target element is found or the array ends. ...